精益制造 - 价值和浪费

相关课程

关键问题

在此模块中回答了以下关键问题：

什么是价值？
价值代表客户的需求。

什么是浪费?
废物是任何消耗资源的任何活动或任何活动，而不为产品或服务增加价值。

什么是增值活动?
增值活动是有助于客户愿意支付和增加产品的感知价值的产品或服务质量的活动。

什么是非增值活动?
非增值活动(浪费)是那些影响组织效率、延迟产品交付、不增加产品性能的活动，因此从客户的角度来看，这些活动不增加价值。

样本视频成绩单

以下是为此模块提供的视频示例的成绩单：

每个人对价值的感知是不同的。因此，在与顾客打交道时，组织要与顾客在订购时对产品或服务的主观重视作斗争。在所有的可能性下，任何组织都能控制顾客对产品或服务的价值感知吗?答案是否定的。一个组织所能做的就是，潜在地通过市场营销，呈现一个“形象”来吸引顾客，让他们在下订单时记住产品和品牌。最终，这将始终是客户的看法。一位顾客去买一双鞋。她不关心制作鞋子的过程步骤的数量或顺序。她不在乎各部门填写了多少文件，也不在乎是否需要重新设计鞋子。顾客所关心的是鞋子是否合脚，是否舒适，颜色和款式是否符合她的要求，最重要的是，他们的价格“好”。 The manufacturing world attributes value according to the amount of labor that went into the production of a product instead of an objective measure of the usefulness of a product. Customer satisfaction measures have shown that the value of a product is determined by how much it satisfies the customer's preference. The problem lies in that organizations tend to concentrate on what they are able to deliver rather than what it is that the customers really want and if they are willing to pay for it. Lean manufacturing requires that companies must start by defining the value of the product or service in the eyes of the customer, because, to customers, value is only relevant at a specific price, quality, and point in time. In other words, value represents the needs of the customer. At the end of the day, it doesn't matter whether a company has come up with a great idea for a product. If customers do not see the value or have no need for a product, they will not be willing to pay for it. By having a clear understanding of the value customers assign to a product, companies are able to set a target price for it. This will then allow the company to define the cost to produce the product and still make a profit. When companies find themselves not able to meet this production cost, they will start focusing on eliminating "obstacles," known as "wastes," so they can deliver the value the customer expects and still make money. Let's look at an example of this. During the hurricane season, a cell phone service company sends text messages to its customers, helping them get prepared for a hurricane landfall. The text gives the instructions to turn on the Wi-Fi to be able to communicate at any moment, anywhere. Would customers see any value in this text message? Many customers would, since the action is aimed to improve the performance of the devices. Customers will subjectively give importance to this text the next time they have to shop for new devices or service, even if this company's prices are a little higher than others.